The Kansas City, Kaw Valley & Western Railway was an interurban rail line with electric car service between downtown Kansas City, Missouri and Lawrence, Kansas. The collection contains scattered records of the railway's operation, including correspondence, operational cost data, freight charge receipts, accident reports for the line during its most prosperous years, maps and architectural drawings, and an honor's thesis by John W. Florin on the history of the railway line.

This collection consists of five railroad passes issued to various passengers for travel with railway companies mostly centered in central parts of the United States, including the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway Company; Kansas City Southern Railway Company; Union Pacific System; Kansas City, Kaw Valley, and Western Railroad Company; Fort Worth and Denver Railway Company and Wichita Valley Railway Company.