The Kaw Valley Medical Society records are those of a Kansas City, Kansas- based organization of medical professionals.

Dr. S.H. Thompson, Sr. was a founder of Douglass Hospital, a facility in Kansas City, Kansas that practiced equal access and care to all patients and hired medical personnel without regard to race or ethnicity. His son, S.H. Thompson, Jr., served as principal of Sumner High School (Kansas City, Kansas) from 1951-1972. The collection includes papers and photographs of both S.H. Thompson, Jr. and Sr., as well as material from other family members.